贵州苗族习惯法研究——以“贵州省台江县反排寨”为例

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摘要
台江县境内的苗族人口占总人口的百分之九十五以上，因为特殊的历史传统和地理环境，保留了比较好的习惯法文化，习惯法规范中的刑事制度，民事制度以及婚姻家庭制度等极具民族特色。反排是台江县东南一个苗族聚居的村寨，在国家权力以前所未有的力度深入到少数民族地区、统一的国家法制明确否定了民族习惯法后，反排苗族习惯法中的刑事制度被国家法完全取代，民事制度以村规民约的形式获得新生，婚姻家庭制度因其没有触及国家权力而被扬弃地保留下来。反排苗族习惯法现状如何？国家法与习惯法之间的关系怎样？是否有必要在少数民族地区强行推进国家法？
本文以台江县的反排这个典型的苗族村寨为例，以田野调查的民族志^^文档为基础，分析这个苗族村寨主要的习惯法，并解读文章涉及的问题。
关键字：贵州苗族 反排苗寨 习惯法 国家法

The Research of common law about the Miao minority of Guizhou—the example of Fanpai in Taijiang 　
Abstract
   Taijiang has 95% above inhabitants is the Miao national minority, because of special history and geographical environment, with keeping traditional common law culture. In the common law standard's criminal system, the civil system as well as the marriage system and so on has the national characteristics extremely. Fanpai is the stockaded village which in a Miao national minority lives together of southeast Taijiang County. The Fanpai common law's criminal system is substituted for completely by the state law, after the state power entering the national minority area and the unification national legal system unprecedently denied the national common law explicitly. The Fanpai common law’s civil system obtains the new life by the local rule form, but the marriage system is retained sublately because it has not touched the state power. How is the situation of the Fanpai common law now? How is State law and customary law of the relationship? Whether it is necessary to forcefully push forward in ethnic minority areas law? Based on this typical example of Taijiang's Fanpai County of Miao village and practice of the national survey data, we can analyse the Miao village in the main customary law and solve the problem involved in article.
Keywords: the Miao national of Guizhou Province, the Miao national in Fanpai, Common law, State law.

目录
摘要 ....................................................................II
Abstract ...............................................................III
引言 ....................................................................1
一 、反排苗寨苗族习惯法的历史沿革.........................................2
 1．物质方面..............................................................2
 2．文化方面..............................................................3
（二）反排苗寨苗族习惯法的历史脉络 .......................................4
       1．苗族习惯法的渊源................................................4
       2．苗族习惯法的价值................................................5
二、反排苗寨苗族习惯法的现状............................................ 6
（一）主要习惯法 .........................................................6
       1．刑事方面........................................................6
       2．民事方面........................................................7
       3．婚姻家庭方面....................................................10
（二）纠纷解决的制度和方式................................................12
1.纠纷解决制度的演变......................................................12
2.纠纷解决的制度和方式....................................................13
（三）社会功能............................................................13
1.积极性..................................................................14
2.消极性..................................................................14
三、反排苗寨苗族习惯法的发展.............................................16
（一）苗族习惯法与国家法的关系............................................16
（二）在少数民族地区是否强行推进国家法..................................．17
结  语....................................................................19
参考文献..................................................................20

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