摘要

肿瘤是机体在各种致癌因素作用下，局部组织的某一个细胞在基因水平上失去对其生长的正常调控，导致其克隆性异常增生而形成的异常病变。严重影响了人类的生活质量，甚至威胁到人类健康，是人类健康的三大杀手之一，因此，肿瘤的治疗药物一直都是医药学研究的重点。化疗、放疗、手术治疗是当今治疗肿瘤的主要手段，但毒副作用比较大。近年来，运用中草药治疗恶性肿瘤越来越被广大学者和患者接受，并已成为常用的治疗方法，是治疗恶性肿瘤综合治疗中的有效手段之一。中药抗肿瘤作用具有多靶点、多环节、多效应的特点，可作用于肿瘤发生、发展的多个环节，同时其副作用低，能提高机体免疫力，不易产生耐药性，为近年来研究的热点。我国的药用植物资源丰富，中药的抗肿瘤活性已得到国际公认。因此开发研制新的植物成分药成为恶性肿瘤治疗的重要课题之一。

    作为一种应用历史悠久的中药，夏枯草便成为成为近年来许多学者关注并研究开发的重点之一。夏枯草为唇形科夏枯草属植物夏枯草的干燥成熟果穗，具有清火明目、泻肝火、软坚散结、利尿之功效。有关其抗肿瘤作用有较多的报道，用于目赤肿痛、目珠夜痛、羞明流泪、头痛眩晕、瘰疬、瘿瘤、乳痈肿痛、头痛眩晕，口眼歪斜、筋骨疼痛。临床上多应用于治疗甲状腺肿大、淋巴结核、乳腺增生、乳腺炎、乳癌、肺结核、高血压（有降压、利尿作用）、淋巴结核、侵润性肺结核、单纯性甲状腺肿、腮腺炎、急性黄疸型传染型肝炎、血崩、带下、传然性结膜炎、角膜炎等；另外对痢疾杆菌也有抑制作用。夏枯草主要含有三萜及其苷类、苯丙素类、甾醇及其苷类，黄酮类、香豆素、有机酸、挥发油及糖类等。由于其重要的药用价值和广泛的药理作用，夏枯草越来越引起人们的关注。

夏枯草性寒，味苦、辛，入肝、胆二经，具有清肝明目、散结消肿的功效，多用治疗目赤肿痛、头痛眩晕、瘰疬、瘿瘤、乳痈肿痛、甲状腺肿大、淋巴结结核、高血压等病症。

夏枯草的抗肿瘤机制研究主要包括：直接抑制肿瘤生长与增值作用、诱导肿瘤细胞调亡，诱导肿瘤细胞分化、逆转肿瘤多耐药性等几个方面。夏枯草作为一种廉价、低毒、有效的抗肿瘤中药，将有更广阔的应用前景。本文对夏枯草的抗肿瘤作用和机制研究进展进行概述。

关键词：夏枯草，抗肿瘤机制、散结消肿

                           目录

摘要························································6

目录························································6,7

第1章、夏枯草的抗肿瘤作用机制······························7,8,9

1.1直接抑制肿瘤生长与增值作用····························7，8

1.2诱导肿瘤细胞调亡······································8

1.3诱导肿瘤细胞分化······································8

1.4逆转肿瘤多药耐药性····································8

1.5抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭转移··································9

第2章、夏枯草对各种癌细胞的影响···························9,10,11,12

2.1肺癌··················································9

2.2乳腺癌················································9

2.3眼疾··················································10

2.4淋巴瘤················································10

2.5甲状腺癌··············································10

2.6膀胱癌················································10，11

2.7结肠癌················································11

2.8鼻咽癌················································11

2.9脑胶质瘤··············································11，12

3.0其他··················································12

第3章、总结与展望··········································12

参考文献···················································13,14

致谢··················································14

第1章、夏枯草的抗肿瘤作用机制

直接抑制肿瘤生长与增殖作用