晚清时期玉林地区自然灾害研究

论文编号:LS057  论文字数:12114,页数:21

晚清时期玉林地区自然灾害研究
摘要
 晚清时期玉林地区的自然灾害包括水灾、旱灾、虫灾、风灾、瘟疫、冰雹、雪灾、地震等等，几乎无年不灾。这与玉林地区所处的地理位置、气候环境、水文特征和人为破坏有直接关系。自然灾害频发对农业生产、民众生存条件和生活、生态环境、社会安定造成严重的破坏。为此，清政府采取了一系列措施，诸如建社仓、兴修水利、除害、散赈、平粜、蠲缓等，这些举措虽对防灾赈灾具有积极作用，但多成效不大。

 关键词：晚清，玉林地区，自然灾害

The Study on Yulin Area’s Natural Disasters in the late Qing Dynasty
Abstract
 The area of Yulin suffered almost every year from many kinds of natural disasters such as flood, drought, insect plague, wind-caused disaster, plague, hail, snow disaster, earthquake and so on. It had a direct relation with the geographical position, the climate, the hydrology characteristic and the artificial destruction of Yulin area. The frequent natural disasters severely threatened the agricultural production, living conditions and livelihood of the people, the environment and the social stability of Yulin area. Therefore, the Qing government took a series of measures, such as founding warehouse, building water conservancy, removing harmful things, providing relief, lowering prices, remitting tax system and so on. Although, these measures played a certain position role in preventing and relieving disasters the effect was so limited.

 Key words：the late Qing Dynasty, Yulin area, Natural disasters

  
 目录
 前言…………………………………………………………………………………1
 一  晚清玉林地区自然灾害概况…………………………………………………1
（一）水灾………………………………………………………………………7
旱灾………………………………………………………………………8
虫灾………………………………………………………………………8
雹灾………………………………………………………………………8
雪灾………………………………………………………………………8
地震………………………………………………………………………8
风灾………………………………………………………………………9
瘟疫………………………………………………………………………9
其他………………………………………………………………………9
二  自然灾害的成因………………………………………………………………10
三  自然灾害的影响………………………………………………………………11
 （一）破坏农业生产……………………………………………………………11
 （二）使民众生存条件恶化……………………………………………………11
 （三）家破人亡，妻离子散……………………………………………………12
 （四）破坏生态环境……………………………………………………………12
 （五）造成社会动荡不安………………………………………………………12
 四  治理措施………………………………………………………………………13
 （一）建社仓……………………………………………………………………13
 （二）兴修水利…………………………………………………………………13
 （三）除害………………………………………………………………………14
 （四）散赈………………………………………………………………………14
 （五）平粜………………………………………………………………………14
 （六）蠲缓………………………………………………………………………15
结语…………………………………………………………………………………15
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………16
注释…………………………………………………………………………………16
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………16

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