水域垃圾清理船设计和制作

论文编号:JX964  论文字数:17937.页数:35   附CAD图

摘     要
 水面漂浮物（或水面垃圾）长时间浸泡在水中，容易被生物所寄居，助长物种入侵，不仅影响生活景区的环境，而且严重威胁人们生活用水的质量。由于目前很多水域中的的水面漂浮物是由人工打捞，其效率低下，同时作业人员的人生安全有一定危险。
 针对这一亟待解决的社会问题，设计了水域垃圾清理船。
 该清理船打破传统清理船的结构和思维模式，由叶轮机构、槽轮机构、四杆机构、曲柄滑块机构通过传动系统，有机地使彼此之间协调运动，完成垃圾的打捞过程。四杆机构的运动轨迹与叶轮机构叶片的弧形相吻合，保证四杆机构能顺利清理叶片上垃圾的同时，也有效地保护了其他机构，提高了使用寿命。曲柄滑块机构的跨船舱放置，大大便利了船体存放垃圾的过程。同时为了方便操纵者的控制，选用了红外遥控作为信号的连接，大大提高了清理船的灵活性。由于船体结构选用双体船，极大地保证了清理船作业过程中的平稳性、安全性。前置拦截机构增大了垃圾的捕获能力，提高清理船的工作效率。
 按照设计要求将各个机构进行组装并试运行。在水域中，清理船能按照预定要求完成垃圾拦截、打捞等过程，并将垃圾存放在指定位置。在一定程度上能达到预计要求。
 
关键词：水域垃圾  清理船  四杆机构  遥控

Design And Product Of Garbage Clean-up Ship

Abstract
 If surface floats (or surface litter) immersion in water for a long time, it’s easily to be the host of biological, and contribute to species invasion. Not only affect the living environment, but also serious threat to water quality of people's lives.
 As a result of much rubbish in water was Salvage by people, that it’s very low of efficiency, besides this work threat to people’s life safety.
 For the urgent of social problems which need to be solution, We designed the Garbage Clean-up Ship.
 This Garbage Clean-up Ship break the traditional structure and mode of thinking. It’s made up of impeller agencies、Geneva mechanism、four-bar linkage mechanism、in-line slider-crank mechanism. It’s made them working coordination by the drive system to complete the salvage process of rubbish. The trajectory of four-bar linkage mechanism coincide with arc of the impeller agencies to ensure the four-bar linkage mechanism clean-up the rubbish on the impeller agencies, besides it’s protection of the other agencies effectively, and improve the working life. The putting of across the cabin of the in-line slider-crank mechanism greatly facilitated the process of rubbish store. Besides, in order to facilitate the operator's control, choosing as an infrared remote control as a signal to connect, that increased the flexibility of Clean-up Ship. Because of apply the Double hull, that greatly guarantee the Clean-up Ship stability and safety when working. The intercept device in the front of the ship improve the ability of rubbish capturing, and improve the efficiency of Clean-up Ship.
 The various agencies will be assembled in accordance with the design requirements and test run. In the waters, the Clean-up Ship complete spam blocking, salvage, etc. below the scheduled requests, and put the litter at the designated location. To some extent, it can reach the purpose.

Keywords: Water Litter; Clean-up Ship; four-bar linkage mechanism; Remote Control.

目  录
摘     要 i
Abstract ii
第一章  绪论 1
1.1   研究背景与研究意义 1
1.2   常见打捞机构优缺点分析 1
1.3   设计参数与设计要求 3
1.4   论文內容概述 3
第二章  方案设计 5
2.1   打捞机构方案设计 5
2.2   清理船机构设计 6
2.3   传动机构 10
第三章  主要设计计算 12
3.1   电机的计算和选型 12
3.2   打捞机构轴强度计算 12
3.3   齿轮传动计算 14
第四张  辅助结构设计 19
4.1   船体设计 19
4.2   甲板设计 20
4.3   拦网设计 20
4.4   拦截机构设计 21
第五章  控制系统设计 22
5.1   电路设计 22
5.2   电路工作原理 23
第六章  模型制作 24
6.1  标准件及其他零件的选购 24
6.1.1  遥控器的选购 24
6.1.2  轴承、链轮等其他零件的选购 25
6.2   主要零件的加工及选材 26
6.3   模型装配及试验 27
第七章  总结 29
参考文献 30
致  谢 31

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