当代中国收入分配问题研究

当前，中国经济正从定量增加向质性增加改变，这为调整收入分配结构，缩小贫富距离提供了时机。扼要介绍了变革开放以来中国城乡，地区和工业之间的收入分配距离，然后指出，在中国经济发展中，人口活动存在制度束缚，区域发展战略不匹配区域经济形势，不合理的税收结构和贸易自由化，是加剧居民收入不平等的重要因素。在此基础上，本文以为，未来中国需求留意保持经济增加与收入结构调整之间的平衡，在短期内拟定恰当的转移支付政策，防止富人与贫富距离进一步恶化。贫民一起支持结构性货币政策以安稳经济增加；从中长时间看，促进要素市场，市场变革和供应侧变革相辅相成，缩小居民收入分配距离。从长远来看，财产税和教育均等化可用于抑制财富不平等，并保证世代之间收入分配结构的活动性，然后保证中国经济的长时间安稳。

关键词：收入；收入分配差距；现状分析

Abstract

At present, China's economy is changing from quantitative growth to qualitative growth, which provides an opportunity to adjust the income distribution structure of residents and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor. This paper gives a brief account of the income distribution gap between urban and rural areas, regions and industries in China since the reform and opening-up, and then points out that in the economic development of China, there are institutional constraints on population mobility, regional development strategies that do not match the regional economic situation, unreasonable tax structure and trade liberalization. The important factor of income inequality of high residents. On this basis, this paper argues that in the future, China should pay attention to maintaining the balance between economic growth and income structure adjustment, design appropriate transfer payment policies in the short term to avoid further deterioration of the gap between the rich and the poor, supplemented by structural monetary policies to stabilize economic growth, and promote factor markets in the medium and long term. Reform and supply-side reform go hand in hand to narrow the income distribution gap among residents. In the long run, we should use the "two-pronged" approach of property tax and education equalization to curb wealth inequality and ensure the liquidity of intergenerational income distribution structure, so as to ensure the long-term stability of China's economy.

Key words: income; income distribution gap; current situation analysis

目录

摘  要I

ABSTRACTII

一、引言1

二、收入分配的内涵2

三、我国收入分配差距的现状2

（一）城乡居民的收入分配差距2

（二）区域间的收入分配差距3

（三）行业间的收入差距3

四、收入分配存在的主要问题3

（一）国民收入分配格局不合理3

（二）收入分配不公平4

（三）收入差距进一步扩大4

五、解决收入分配问题的关键点5

（一）提高税收对收入分配的调节力度5

（二）增加对低收入和贫困人口的转移支付力度6

（三）完善社会保障制度，缩小保障水平的差距6

（四）努力落实公共服务均等化的目标6

（五）加大扶贫力度，让穷人看到希望6

六、结语7

参考文献8

致谢............................................................................................................9