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论行政复议司法化

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摘要
行政复议制度自确立以来，对保障公民、法人、其他组织的合法权益，监督行政机关依法行政等方面发挥了重要作用。但也应当看到，行政复议制度在我国建立的时间毕竟还很短，同国外比较成熟的复议制度相比，还存在着许多不足和需要完善的地方，尤其要看到我国行政复议制度受“非司法化思想”的影响，无论是在制度上还是在实务上都已经陷入制度失灵的困境。行政复议司法化改革无可避免，行政复议制度迫切需要彰显出行政复议司法性特征，并在此基础上重构行政复议法律制度。有鉴于此，本文在论述中国行政复议制度现状的基础上，对行政复议制度司法化的涵义进行了界定。其次，文章通过分析我国行政复议制度的缺陷指出了我国有必要进行行政复议司法化改革，再论述我国所具备的进行行政复议司法化改革的条件。然后，结合我国的具体国情，笔者提出了我国进行行政复议制度司法化改革的具体构想，认为我国应该引用台湾的行政复议委员会制度，具体设计的行政复议委员会制度包括行政复议委员会的组织、运行以及监督。

关键词：准司法化，行政复议委员会，行政复议制度

Reconsider the judicature of the administration

Abstract
Since the administration establishment, it has played an influential role on safeguarding the citizen, the legal entity and the other organization's legitimate rights and interests, supervising Administrative organ to administrate according to law. But the administration system, which establishes in our country, is also very short. Compares with quite mature administration system, ours also has many insufficiencies and faultless. Especially we must see that Non-judicature thought influences our country administration system. Regardless of system and practice, we all in the difficult position. The reforms of the judicature of the administration are inevitable. The administration system urgently need to show the administration judicature characteristic, and based on this to restructures the administration legal regime. Taking this into consideration, this article discusses on the foundation of the administration system’s meaning, and then divides four aspects to elaborate this article. Firstly, analyzes the Chinese administration system's present situation and the flaw, and pointes out that the administration system, which faced with the difficult position, need to carry on the judicature reform. Secondly, the article through two big legal system country's administration system comparative analysis, summarizes the present world administration to reconsider legal regime's trend of development, namely the judicature of the administration. Thirdly, unifies our country's concrete national condition, elaborates our country to introduce the overseas administration system's feasibility. At last, the author proposes the concrete conception; our country carries on the reform of the administration system judicature. Thought that our country should quote South Korean as well as Taiwan's administration committee system. Besides we must pay great attention on maintaining independence and neutrality of the administration organization, guaranteeing fairness and authority tries of administration aspects decision.

Keyword: accurate judicature；the administration committee； the administration system

目   录
摘    要……………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
前言…………………………………………………………………………………1
一、行政复议制度司法化的概述…………………………………………………… 2
（一）行政复议司法化涵义的界定………………………………………………2
1行政复议组织应当具有独立性………………………………………… 2
       2行政复议程序应该具有公正性和公开性 ………………………………2
       3行政复议结果应该具有准司法效力…………………………………… 2
（二）行政复议司法化的模式……………………………………………………3
       1行政法院模式…………………………………………………………… 3
       2双轨制模式……………………………………………………………… 3
       3司法化模式……………………………………………………………… 4
二、我国进行行政复议制度司法化改革的基础……………………………………5
（一）我国进行行政复议司法化改革的必要性…………………………………5
       1我国行政复议制度体制设置上的缺陷………………………………… 5
2我国行政复议实践中存在的问题……………………………………… 5
我国进行行政复议司法化改革的可行性…………………………………7
       1思想观念基础…………………………………………………………… 7
       2制度基础………………………………………………………………… 7
       3法律依据………………………………………………………………… 8
三、行政复议制度司法化的具体构想………………………………………………9
（一）建立独立的行政复议委员会……………………………………………… 9
（二）设置公平正义的程序…………………………………………………10

（三）完善行政复议监督机制……………………………………………………11
结语……………………………………………………………………………… 12
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………… 13

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………14

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