古典犯罪学派与实证犯罪学派

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摘   要
     古典犯罪学派与实证犯罪学派的预防犯罪思想上的差异主要表现为：第一古典犯罪学派在进行预防犯罪时重视刑罚的威慑作用，把刑罚作为最重要的减少和消灭犯罪的对策，主张一般预防；第二实证犯罪学派实行“刑罚替代措施”，主张对人进行科学的矫正治疗，根据犯罪人的类型，因人施罚。
关键词：古典犯罪学派  实证犯罪学派  犯罪预防思想

On Comparison of Classic and Positive Schools of Criminology
Abstract
The difference in view of crime prevention between classic school of criminology and the positive school of criminology indicates the following:
The first   for classic school of criminology, they pay much attention to deterrence of punishment on preventing crimes. And punishment plays an important role in reducing or exterminating crimes as the major countermeasure or view, which is general prevention.
The second for positive school of criminology, they  advocate something substitutes for punishment, which contains scientific treatments to correct criminality according to distinctive types of criminal

Key words: Classical school of criminology ，the positive school of criminology， point of crime prevention

目   录

摘要.................................................................. II
Abstract ............................................................. III
前言.................................................................. 1
一、古典犯罪学派与实证犯罪学派的形成及其犯罪观........................ 2
（一）古典犯罪学派的形成及其犯罪观.................................... 1
1、犯罪原因论......................................................... 1
2、刑罚学说........................................................... 2
（二）实证犯罪学派的形成及其犯罪观 ....................................2
二、古典犯罪学派与实证犯罪学派犯罪预防思想的比较...................... 3
（一）古典犯罪学派的犯罪预防观 ........................................3
1．贝卡利亚的犯罪预防观点 .............................................3
2．边沁的犯罪预防论 ...................................................4
（二）实证犯罪学派的犯罪预防观.........................................4
1. 经济领域的刑罚代替措施............................................. 5
2. 政治领域的刑罚代替措施............................................. 5
3. 科学领域的刑罚代替措施............................................. 5
4．立法和行政领域的刑罚代替措施........................................５
５．教育领域的刑罚代替措施............................................ ５
（三）古典犯罪学派与实证犯罪学派在犯罪预防思想上的差别................ 6
三、结语.............................................................. 7
参考文献...............................................................8
致  谢................................................................ 9

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