中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的原因及对策研究

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中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的原因及对策研究
 
 摘 要
 
 反补贴是国际上通行的用于抵消进口国产品所得补贴, 提高进口产品价格, 保护国内市场的贸易工具。近年来, 随着越来越多的国家开始承认中国的市场经济地位, 发达国家开始使用反补贴手段来打击我国的出口贸易。这标志着我国在饱受反倾销之苦的十多年之后, 又将开始面临反补贴带来的威胁。本文讨论了我国遭遇“双反”调查的现状,，主要阐述了我国遭遇“双反”调查的数量、规模、行业呈增多的趋势；对我国近来接连遭受“双反”调查指控做出了原因分析，主要是因为中国“非市场经济地位”的存在、“双反”的贸易保护效果更好并且节约成本，同时还能加大应对难度，另外一些发达国家违背了WTO的规则，中国政府不规范补贴的存在，政治周期的存在也是其原因之一；文中并提出了可行性对策，其中包括尽快确定中国的市场经济地位，积极采取措施维护我国贸易利益，加快国内立法和国际的接轨，另外企业也要提高竞争优势，政府也要转换补贴方式，做到这些我国遭遇“双反”的状况会得到好转。
【关键词】 中国出口贸易  反倾销反补贴合并调查  非市场经济地位

The reason and solution of anti-dumping and countervailing for China export trade
 
 Abstract
 
 Countervailing is the internationally accepted means of offseting subsidies which are from the products of importing country. It is a trading tool which is used to increase the price of the importing products and protect the domestic market. In recent years, as more and more countries have admited the China’s market economy status in the world, many developed countries started to take the measures of countervailing to prevent China’s exporting. This indicates that after more than a decade suffered the pain of anti-dumping , China have to started to face with the threat posed by anti-subsidy. This article has discussed the present situation of China's "double anti". It mainly elaborated on China's suffering from " double anti " number, size, industry and the trend is increasing .It also analyzed the causes of other countries’ "double anti" . It is mainly because of the existence of China's "non-market economy status" .Meanwhile," double anti”’s trade protection is better and cost is lower, also can increase the difficulty of response. Some developed countries go against WTO rules. The Chinese government exists irregular subsidies and the existence of the political cycle is one of the reasons. The article puts forward feasible measures, it includes determining China's market economy as soon as possible, taking active measures to safeguard the interests of our trade, speeding up the convergence of domestic legislation and international legislation, the enterprises should also improve the competitive edge, the government must change way of subsidies, so that the situation will be improved.
 【Key words】China export trade  anti-dumping and countervailing investigation  Non-market economy status

目  录
 绪论........................................................1
一 中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的现状及影响.........................2
 （一）中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的现状............ .............2
 1 中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的涉案数量不断增多.............2
 2 中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的涉案金额逐步扩大............2
 3 中国出口贸易遭遇“双反” 调查的涉案行业不断增多............3
 （二）“双反”调查对中国出口贸易的影响............................4
 1 对企业出口造成消极影响.............................. 4
 2 不利于政府调控经济...................................4
二 中国出口贸易遭遇“双反”调查的原因...............................4
 （一）中国“非市场经济地位”的存在...........................4
 （二）“双反”调查更能提高案件发起国的保护力度.............5
 （三）“双反”调查有利于调查国节约诉讼成本......................6
 （四）“双反”调查能加大涉案企业应诉难度.....................6
 （五） 发达成员违背WTO原则..................................6
 （六）其他原因..............................7
三 中国应对“双反”调查的对策.......................................7
 （一）积极争取中国的市场经济地位................... .........7
 （二）充分利用WTO争端解决机制维护我国正当贸易利益...........8
 （三）加快国内相关立法并与国际接轨...........................8
 （四）企业提升自身的竞争优势.................................8
 （五）积极转换政府补贴方式...................................9
参考文献.......................................................10

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