吸收式制冷系统的特点及应用分析

论文编号:JD1104  论文字数:15300,页数:21

摘要

 吸收式制冷因其具有耗电少、能源适应性强、制冷工质对环境无影响等优点而成为制冷空调领域近几年的研究焦点。天然气作为-种清洁能源，在能源消费结构中的比重将有较大提高。因此对直燃型户式空调系统的研究有重要的理论和现实意义。本文主要对-种新型吸收式制冷系统-中压双效复叠吸收式制冷系统进行了研究，目标主要是满足直燃型户式空调系统的小型化、风冷条件，并具有较高的性能系数。
 在前人对氨/水工质对热力学性质研究的基础上编制了计算氨水溶液热力性质的通用程序，其计算结果与文献中的数据符合较好，可以用于设计氨水吸收式制冷系统中氨水溶液热力性质的计算。
 在中压双效复叠吸收式制冷系统的基础上进行了进-步研究分析，研究提出在风冷条件下，该类系统应回收精馏热以提高COP。并建立了该系统的数学模型，编制了计算程序，对改进的新型中压双效复叠吸收式制冷系统的性能及其影响因素进行了分析计算，其结果为该类系统的设计应用提供了理论依据。
 同时，对这种新型吸收式制冷系统的火用损失进行了研究，结果表明，在此循环中，发生器、吸收器、溶液热交换器的朋损失较大，为进-步有效利用能量，进行系统优化指明了方向。
 
关键词:氨水溶液，吸收式制冷系统，直燃型，溴化锂吸收制冷机

THE STUDY OF ABSORTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

 Absorption refrigeration has become the focus of research in there refrigeration field in recent years because it has a lot of merits such as little power consumption，great energy adaptability， no influence for the environment about working fluids etc. As a clean energy，natural gas will be applied extensively in the energy consumption structure. So research of gas-fired air conditioning has an important theoretical and practical significance .In this paper，a new type of absorption refrigeration system-middle pressure double-effect cascade cycle was studied. The aim is to meet gas-fired air conditioning miniaturization and air-cooling. In addition，the system should have high Coefficient of Performance(COP).
 A general program was compiled to calculate the thermophysics property of ammonia-water solution on the base of research of others. The result is tallied with the data which literature has given.  So the program can be used to design ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system.
 The middle pressure double-effect cascade cycle was studied and analyzed. The analyzed result indicates that  rectified heat should be reclaimed in such systems. A mathematic model about this system was established. Performance of this system and its influencing factor was calculated and analyzed exclusively. Those conclusions provide theoretical method for designation of such kind of absorption refrigeration system.
 In addition，exergy loss about the system was studied. The result indicates that generator and absorber and solution heat-exehange equipment have a high exergy loss. Those conclusions provide a basic guideline for further effective use energy and proceed system optimization.
KEYWORDS: ammonia-water solution，absorption refrigeration system，exergy loss，rectified heat，air-cooling，gas-fired.    

目录

第一章    绪论   5
1 - 1      综述   5
1 - 2      吸收式制冷技术的研究现状   6
1 – 2 - 1   吸收式制冷技术的发展   6
1 – 2 - 2   吸收式制冷技术的研究现状          6
1 - 3      本课题研究的目的、意义和内容          10
1 – 3 - 1   研究的目的       10
1 – 3 - 2   研究的意义       10
1 - 3 - 3   研究的内容    10
第二章    氨- 溴化锂- 水吸收制冷循环概述    11
2 - 1      吸收式制冷原理     12
2 - 2      单级氨吸收制冷循环   12
2 - 2 - 1    循环流程    12
2 - 3      提高氨吸收式制冷机组效率的途径   13
2 - 4      本章小结   14
第三章    溴化锂吸收式制冷机的应用分析    14
3 - 1      引言          14
3 - 2      溴化锂吸收式制冷循环的原理       14
3 - 3      溴化锂吸收式制冷机的应用分析    15
3 - 3 - 1   溴化锂吸收式制冷机的环保效益      16
3 – 3 - 2 溴化锂吸收式制冷机的节电效益           16
3 - 3 - 3   溴化锂吸收式制冷机节电不节能   16
3 - 3 - 4   溴化锂吸收式制冷机的节能效益   17
3 - 3 - 5   直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机冷热水机组的优势   17
3 - 4      本章小结                 18
第四章 结论              18
参考文献                 20
致谢            21

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