孙中山地方自治思想探析

历史学文档编号:LS135  文档字数:19739,页数:25

孙中山地方自治思想探析

摘要
 对于孙中山地方自治思想，梳理其形成轨迹，既是一个极力追求本土化的创新过程，又是一个在长期革命实践中根据时势背景不断自我完善的过程；略究其理论来源，既有欧美地方自治理念的身影，又有中国传统文化的自治因素；论述其主要内容，涵盖了地方自治的自治权限、国民与国家的关系、中央与地方的关系、官治与民治的区分、地方自治单位的确定等等；指出是三民主义思想的重要组成部分，具体分析其在三民主义中的地位；归结其影响与意义，虽由于时代的局限性而带有一定的缺陷，并给以蒋介石为首的国民党推行独裁专制提供了凭借，但却为正确处理中央和地方的关系提供了借鉴经验，有利于培养和提高人民的自治能力，为完善我国当前的地方自治政治体制提供了史鉴。
 
 关键词：孙中山，地方自治，三民主义
 
  
 Exploration of the Thought of Sun Yat-sen’s Local Autonomy

Abstract
 To Sun Yat-sen’s the thought of Sun Yat-sen’s local autonomy, Exploiting its forming track, this is not only the effort for the innovation process of localization ,is also a process of unceasing self-improvement which according to the situation of long-term revolutionary practice; learning its theoretical source, there comes from both western’s self-government and the local autonomy factors of tradition Chinese culture; The local self-government autonomous rule extent of authority having discussed whose main content having covered , The relationship between the National and State , central and local, the distinction between official government and by the people , tetermination of local self-government units; Pointing out the important part of the Three People's Principles Nationalism, Specifically analyze their position in the Three People's Principles. To sum up its impact and significance, there exists some defects which because of the time, and provides tools for Kuomintang headed by Chiang Kai-shek to carry out dictatorship, but the thought provides reference experience for handling the relationship between central government and local government. It helps to develop and improve people’s autonomous ability, and it gives historical reference for perfecting China’s local autonomy political system at the present time.
 
 Key words: SunYat-sen, Local autonomy, The Three People's Principles
 
 
目录
前言 1
一、孙中山地方自治思想的形成轨迹 2
 （一）清末民初孙中山地方自治思想初步形成 2
 （二）孙中山地方自治思想最终形成 3
二、孙中山地方自治思想的理论来源 4
 （一）学习借鉴欧美地方自治理念 4
 （二）吸收中国传统文化的自治因素 6
三、孙中山地方自治思想的主要内容 7
 （一）孙中山对地方自治的界定 7
 （二）孙中山地方自治思想的内涵 7
 1.国民与国家的关系……………………………………………………………………...8
 2.中央与地方的关系……………………………………………………………………...9
 3.以权力之所在来区分官治与民治…………………………………………………...9
 4.地方自治单位的确定………………………………………………………………….12
四、孙中山地方自治思想在三民主义中的地位 ………………13
 （一）地方自治是民国建设之基础 14
 （二）地方自治是宪政实施之准备 14
 （三）地方自治是直接民权实现之途径 15
五、孙中山地方自治思想对国民党政权的影响 16
结语 17
致谢 18
参考文献 18

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