历史学文档编号:LS086  文档字数:17960,页数:23

客家人的祭祀习俗——以博白文水村陈氏家族为例
摘要
  祭祀是属于“五礼”（宾礼，嘉礼，凶礼，军礼，吉礼）中“吉礼”的范畴。祭祀是一种礼，也是一种习俗，经过长期的积淀、传承、整合，慢慢形成一种文化，贯穿于人们的生活之中，也贯穿于整个客家人民生活之中。本文以博白文水村陈氏家族为例,对客家人的祭祀习俗的现状调查，了解它的祭祀习俗情况，特点，祭祀习俗的变迁及祭祀习俗对现实社会的影响和祭祀的现代价值和作用。通过对客家祭祀习俗的调查和描述，同时为进一步研究桂东南及广西客家人和地方文化提供有利的素材。
 
 关键词：祭祀习俗，客家村民，变迁
 
 
  Current Situation of Hakka Sacrificial Custom — Take the Chen family of Wenshui Village in Bobai County for Example
Abstract
 Sacrifice is belong to "Ji Li", which is a member of the "Five Rites" (Bin Li, Jia Li, Xiong Li, Jun Li, Ji Li). And it is not only a ritual, but also a custom. It develops a culture gradually over a long progress of accumulation, inheritance and integration, which can be found throughout the people in china and all the Hakka people's daily lives. In this paper, the author learns about the condition, characteristics, changes of Hakka sacrificial custom, and the influence it exerts in modern society, as well as its modern values and functions, by taking the Chen family who lives in Whenshui Village in Bobai county for an example and investigating the current situation of Hakka sacrificial custom. At the same time, through the investigation into and description of Hakka sacrificial custom, the paper provides favorable materials for further studies on the Southeast of Guangxi, the Hakka live in Guangxi, and the local cultures.
 
 Keywords: sacrificial custom, Hakka villagers, changes
 
 
 
目录
前言 1
一、文水村陈氏家族祭祀习俗 1
（一）关于调查地——文水村陈氏家族概况 1
（二）文水村陈氏家族祭祀习俗 2
 1.以祖先为对象的家祭 2
 2.以神明为对象的祭祀 3
 3.以鬼魂为对象的路祭 5
（三）陈氏家族祭祀习俗的特点 5
 1．食物祭祀仪式特点 5
 2．食物祭品的特点 7
 3．祭祀目的的特征 9
二、陈氏家族的祭祀习俗变迁 10
（一）祭祀仪式的简化 10
（二）祭祀用品及变化 10
（三）祭祀群体的变化 11
（四）祭祀的社会功能变迁 12
三、祭祀对现实社会的影响 14
四、祭祀在现代社会中的价值与作用 16
结语 18
致谢 18
参考文献 19

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